Everything about Haridasas And Carnatic Music totally explained
The Haridasas, the
Vaishnava saints of Karnataka, are traditionally classified into the
Vyasakuta and
Dasakuta. The Vyasakuta were the pontifical saints who were known for their scholarship and exposition of the
Madhva's philosophy. This order included the likes of Sripadaraya, Vyasaraya, Vadiraja, Vijayeendra teertha and Raghavendra Teertha. The
dasakuta on the other hand were the peripatetic saint disciples of the Vyasakuta sanyasins. They were proficient singers and composers and extensively made use of classical music and the Kannada language as a medium to propagate the teachings and philosophy of the
Dvaita school. This order included the likes of Purandaradasa, Kanakadasa, Prasanna Venkatadasa,
Vijayadasa,
Gopaladasa,
Mahipatiraya,
Jagannathadasa and a host of others. While Sripadaraya is sometimes credited as having started this musical movement,
Vyasaraya, who went by titles such as
abhinavabharatacharya, kalpanachaturanana, sangitasampradaya pravartaka etc., counted the likes of Purandaradasa, Vadiraja and Kanakadasa among his disciples. Among these, Purandaradasa became renowned as Karnataka Sangita Pitamaha.
These saints who were ardent devotees of Panduranga Vitthala of
Pandharapur in the Varakari tradition roamed the nooks and corners of Karnataka and chose Kannada for their compositions and teachings. Their compositions almost entirely in Kannada, covered a wide spectrum of philosophy, religion, ritual, theology, social reformation, ethical conduct etc. It is thus doubly appropriate that the Vyasakuta and the dasakuta savants called themselves Haridasas. Many of them took the name of Vitthala as part of their ‘ankita’ (signature) and deekshanama. The Haridasas have left deep, seminal and abiding influences on Carnatic music as we know it. Later composers from Karnataka and outside, including the venerated 'Trinity' and musical treatises exhibit and acknowledge these influences. They laid the foundations of what is today called Karnataka or Carnatic music. Though their compositions were imbued with the elements of Carnatic music and composed specifically in that tradition, their compositions have also made their way into the Hindustani music world, thanks mainly to
eminent exponents of Hindustani music from northern Karnataka.
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